Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause very serious gynaecological infections in women, however this is rare.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a bacteria typically found living in the mouth, nose, or skin without causing any harm. Some strains of Staph have become antibiotic resistant, and are now classified as ‘superbugs’, with MRSA infections very difficult to treat with regular antibiotic methods. Methicillin is a synthetic form of penicillin used on staphylococci that
Staphylococcus aureus, also known as golden staph, is one of the most common skin infections of humans. Vaginal colonisation is a bit less common, but does happen, as part of aerobic vaginitis.
Klebsiella pneumoniae may be involved in vulvovaginal and urinary tract infections, being part of aerobic vaginitis.
Group A Strep – Streptococcus pyogenes – can cause respiratory, skin, vagina and urinary tract infections.
Helicobacter pylori is most commonly associated with stomach ulcers, but it can affect other areas of the body like the vagina, urinary tract, and mouth.
Candida parapsilosis is a yeast that can cause vulvovaginal infections. C. parapsilosis biofilms have a high, thin, unstructured, carbohydrate-based matrices.
Infection of Candida glabrata is becoming more common, with antifungal drug resistance. Like all vulvovaginal yeast infections, a Candida glabrata infection in the vulvovaginal region is a result of yeast overgrowth from the gut. Accordingly, to prevent recurrence, the gut must be treated while also killing the infection in the vagina to give symptomatic relief.
Candida albicans is a common cause of vulvovaginal yeast infections in women. The following essential oils have been demonstrated to inhibit (not necessarily kill) C. albicans: Anethum graveolens (dill) Artemisia dracunculus (tarragon) Artemisia sieberi (desert wormwood) Citrus aurantifolia (Tahitian lime) Communis hominis Eucalyptus globulus (Tasmanian blue gum) Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) Lavandula stoechas (French lavender) Mentha spicata (spearmint) Pelargonium
Escherichia coli is found in most mammals, with most strains harmless (or even probiotic), but others cause food poisoning, urinary tract infections, and vulvovaginal infections.
Gardnerella vaginalis is a microbe highly correlated with bacterial vaginosis and vaginal dysbiosis. G. vaginalis develops biofilms, which can make it treatment-resistant for long periods of time when using conventional treatments.
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