Most species of the genus Bipolaris are subtropical and tropical plant parasites, with three species isolated from clinical samples: B. cynodontis, B. micropus and B setariae1.
Several well-documented human pathogens originally in the Bipolaris genus have been transferred out into the genus Curvularia (B. australiensis, B. hawaiiensis and B spicifera)2. These species have been isolated as causes of infections at various sites across the body, with eight nasal infections, with other infections found in burns, wounds, post-operative sites, lungs and the skin3.
In one set of clinical samples from the USA, the predominant species was B. spicifera (67.3 per cent), then B. hawaiiensis (18.2 per cent), B. cynodontis (8.6 per cent), B. micropus (2.9 per cent), B. australiensis (2 per cent) then B. setariae (1 per cent).
The most common sites of isolates were the nasal region (31 per cent), skin (19 per cent), lungs (14 per cent) and eyes (13 per cent). Bipolaris is susceptible to most antifungal drugs with the exceptions of fluconazole and flucytosine.4
References
- 1.El Khizzi N, Bakheshwai S, Parvez S. Bipolaris: A Plant Pathogen Causing Human Infections: An Emerging Problem in Saudi Arabia. Research J of Microbiology. Published online March 1, 2010:212-217. doi:10.3923/jm.2010.212.217
- 2.Sharma B, Nonzom S. New Record of Bipolaris cynodontis: An Emerging Human Pathogen Causing Superficial Mycosis in North India. Skin Appendage Disord. Published online February 24, 2021:1-6. doi:10.1159/000513339
- 3.Manamgoda DS, Rossman AY, Castlebury LA, et al. The genus Bipolaris. Studies in Mycology. Published online September 2014:221-288. doi:10.1016/j.simyco.2014.10.002
- 4.da Cunha KC, Sutton DA, Fothergill AW, et al. Diversity of Bipolaris Species in Clinical Samples in the United States and Their Antifungal Susceptibility Profiles. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. Published online October 10, 2012:4061-4066. doi:10.1128/jcm.01965-12
| Condition type | Fungus |
|---|---|
| Affected systems | |
| Sexually Transmissible | |
| Genitourinary Incidence | rare |
| Age group affected |
Microbial information
| Anaerobe / Aerobe | N/A |
|---|---|
| Gram stain | N/A |
| Best tests to detect |
|
| Pathogen of |
| Commensal of (Can naturally inhabit, but not necessarily as a healthy addition) |
| Optimal growth pH | |
| Conditions correlated with | |
| Cellular adherence capacities | |
| Found in healthy vaginas | No |
| Biofilm-forming capacities | |
| Cellular Morphology | |
| Microbe Motility | |
| Colony Colour | |
| Substances Produced | |
| Sexually Transmissible |
What are the symptoms of Bipolaris spp. in the vagina?
- No symptoms found for Bipolaris spp. in the vagina, yet.
What causes Bipolaris spp. in the vagina?
- No causes found for Bipolaris spp. in the vagina, yet.
What are the risk factors associated with Bipolaris spp. in the vagina?
- No risk factors for Bipolaris spp. in the vagina, yet.
How do you diagnose Bipolaris spp. in the vagina?
- No diagnoses found for Bipolaris spp. in the vagina, yet.
How do you treat Bipolaris spp. in the vagina?
Treatments for Bipolaris spp. in the vagina are only for practitioners and people who purchased the book Killing BV and Killing BV for men.
Which treatments are likely to be ineffective for Bipolaris spp. in the vagina?
- No resistances found for Bipolaris spp. in the vagina, yet.
What complications are associated with Bipolaris spp. in the vagina?
- No complications found for Bipolaris spp. in the vagina, yet.