Symptom: Inflammation

Ureaplasma spp.

Ureaplasma species are tiny microbes capable of being both a commensal and a pathogen.

Klebsiella granulomatis in urinary tract and vulvovaginal infections

Klebsiella granulomatis causes a condition known as granuloma inguinale, which results in inflammation and scarring of the genitals.

Enterobius vermicularis vaginal, urinary tract and pelvic infection

Pinworms (Enterobius vermicularis) usually infect the intestine, with the eggs highly transmissible, entering via the mouth. Kids are typically the most affected, however anyone can get worms. Vaginal infection isn’t common, but many case reports identify pinworms in the vagina. Read more about pinworms in the vagina and female reproductive tract

Streptococcus anginosus vulvovaginal infections

Finegoldia magna vulvovaginal infections

F. magna is a known vaginal pathogen causing bacterial vaginosis and other symptoms, though it can also be a commensal.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a bacteria typically found living in the mouth, nose, or skin without causing any harm. Some strains of Staph have become antibiotic resistant, and are now classified as ‘superbugs’, with MRSA infections very difficult to treat with regular antibiotic methods. Methicillin is a synthetic form of penicillin used on staphylococci that

Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Strep, GBS)

GBS can harmlessly inhabit the vagina, sometimes causing infections and unpleasant symptoms, though this remains controversial between practitioners. 

Staphylococcus aureus vulvovaginal infections

Staphylococcus aureus, also known as golden staph, is one of the most common skin infections of humans. Vaginal colonisation is a bit less common, but does happen, as part of aerobic vaginitis.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae vulvovaginal infections

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a yeast that can inhabit the vagina, but is most famous for fermentation in wine, baking bread and brewing beer, with vulvovaginitis uncommon, but more likely to occur more in women who work in or near someone who works in a bakery or brewery.

Lactobacillus crispatus in the vagina

Strong vaginal coloniser, considered a protective bacteria​1​ (for the most part), helps protect against sexually transmitted infections and other pathogens, while helping restore healthy flora after infection/imbalance​2​. Positive indicator of vaginal health. L. crispatus is used by the food industry to produce lactase, the enzyme that breaks down lactose. Causes positive effect on vaginal cells

Neisseria gonorrhoeae vulvovaginal infections (gonorrhoea)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis female genital/reproductive organ infection

Klebsiella pneumoniae urinary tract and vulvovaginal infections

Klebsiella pneumoniae may be involved in vulvovaginal and urinary tract infections, being part of aerobic vaginitis.

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Type 2 (Genital Herpes)

Commonly associated with genital herpes, but can appear as coldsores and in other areas.

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Type 1 (Cold Sores)

HSV1 is typically associated with mouth cold sores, but it can just as easily inhabit the genitals and cause genital herpes.

Trichomonas vaginalis vulvovaginal infections

Odour – musty malodorous smell Affect on vaginal cells – inflammatory

Ureaplasma parvum vulvovaginal infections

Ureaplasma parvum is found in the human genital tract, and can be either a commensal or a pathogen, depending on various factors.

Vaccinia virus vulvovaginal infections

Candida paratropicalis (Candida tropicalis) vulvovaginal infections

Candida parapsilosis vulvovaginal infections

Candida parapsilosis is a yeast that can cause vulvovaginal infections. C. parapsilosis biofilms have a high, thin, unstructured, carbohydrate-based matrices.