Urethral prolapse
Urethral prolapse is an uncommon condition that is treatable in most cases, with very good outcomes. The urethra or part of the sleeve of the urethra protrudes out, causing discomfort and urinary issues.
Marsupialisation of a Bartholin (vestibular) gland cyst
This surgery involves cutting open a Bartholin's duct cyst, and suturing the walls to allow draining.
Marsupialisation of a vaginal cyst
Marsupialisation is a surgical technique whereby a slit is cut into an cyst and the edges are sewn onto other skin to keep it open.
Gartner’s duct cysts
Gartner's duct cysts are caused by a duct that should no longer exist after we are born, that causes a cyst to develop inside the vagina.
Ureterocele
Ureteroceles are a birth defect affecting the ureters, resulting in problems with urine flow. The connection point of the bladder and lower ureters becomes swollen, and urine flow is blocked, causing the ureters to expand like a water balloon.
Aunt Vadge: why is my vagina itchy and sore?
What's this itch all about?
Cancer treatments
Vaginal, vulvar and pelvic cancer therapies depend on the type, spread and stage of cancerous growths. Treatments for early stage cancer may include simply removing the cancer, but may involve invasive or cell-damaging treatments like chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
Paget’s disease of the vulva
Paget's disease of the vulva is a rare form of vulvar cancer that develops from glandular cells. Paget's looks like a rash, red velvet with small white or pink 'islands' on vulvar tissue that may ooze or bleed. Paget's is often itchy and sore. Prognosis can be good if found
Study: Replens – a review for BV symptoms and vaginal pH (spoiler – it doesn’t work that well)
Replens does not significantly alter vaginal pH, and is not a treatment for BV, however may improve some symptoms.
Undestanding and treating cytolytic vaginosis (CV) (lactobacillus overgrowth syndrome)
Cytolytic vaginosis is a condition of problematic lactobaillus overgrowth, typically L. crispatus, causing burning and irritation.
Skoptic syndrome – genital self-mutilation
Why would someone want to cut their own genitals off? Skoptic syndrome is a part of psychological impairments whereby the urge to cut off one's own genitals is very strong.
Gishiri cutting
Gishiri cutting is a form of genital mutilation that involves cutting down the back wall of the vagina.
FGM/cutting and genital modifications
A brief description of female genital mutilations and modifications.
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an adrenal gland disorder where the production of cortisol is affected by an enzyme defect. Androgen precursors accumulate in the blood, with results that range from salt-wasting, high blood pressure, and virilising/feminising.
Clitoridectomy
Clitoridectomy is the complete or partial removal of the clitoris, which may be a course of action it the clitoris is oversized and the owner makes the big decision to part with it.
The practice of labial stretching
Labia stretching is a common practice amongst some African women, and is said to improve squirting abilities.
The Prader Scale of genitalia explained
The Prader Scale shows human genitalia from 0 to 6, from typically female at one end to typically male.
The clitoral pump
Clitoral pumps can be used both for sexual pleasure and medically improving blood flow to the genitals.
The clitoris and female orgasm
The clitoris is way bigger than you think, and has appendages that get erections, just like penises do. The female orgasm relies heavily on the internal structures of the clitoris, and their sufficient arousal.
Clitoromegaly
Large clitorises can develop for several reasons, with the most common being an excess of androgens for some reason when a foetus was developing.