Purine and uric acid food list (searchable)

A pile of uric acid crystals in a bowl like diamonds and Christmas decorations, on a kitchen table with milk jugs, the

If you are working to lower purine and uric acid levels in your diet, this searchable purine and uric acid levels foods list can help make different choices.

Uric acid is a major driver of inflammation​1–3​ and acidity throughout the body, and is a known interference to a healthy gut​4–10​ and bladder microbiome​11–14​. We can assume uric acid does not spare the vaginal microbiome.

Uric acid is the direct outcome of purines in the digestive system, so eating purine-rich foods contributes to higher uric acid levels in blood and tissue.

Excess uric acid build-up can be the result, particularly in certain genetically susceptible people, such as those with a family history of gout or certain genetic mutations.

How to use this purines and uric acid food list

This table shows the purine levels of foods and what uric acid level they convert to in the body. If you are on a uric acid-lowering low purine diet, you should aim for 3300mg or less of uric acid per day, so use the uric acid column, rather than the purines column

NOTE ON ALCOHOL: Drinks containing alcohol don’t contain a lot of purines, but they slow uric acid excretion via the kidneys, and therefore contribute to build-up of uric acid in blood and tissues.

It’s important to get a variety of foods for optimal nutrition, and it’s not wise to exclude all purine-containing foods just because they convert to uric acid. This is a limiting step, rather than a total purine lockdown, and there are many other easy ways to increase uric acid excretion.

Purine/100gUric acid/100g
Champagne00
Coffee00
Coffee powder extract00
Joghurt, natural00
Milk00
Quark, 20% fat i.d.Tr.00
Spirits00
Starch00
Tea (black)00
Wine00
"Altbier"25
Jever light25
Malt beer25
Rhubarb25
Cucumber26
Kölsch beer2.56
Apple juice38
Onion49
"Diätbier"410
"Weizenvollbier", yeast-free410
Emmental,45% Fett i.d.Tr.410
Jever Pilsener410
Lettuce410
Paprika, green410
Radish410
Radish410
Tomato410
Endive411
Export beer511
Orange juice512
"Bockbier", light513
Cranberry513
Pilsener Lager beer, Pils513
Processed cheese, 60% fat i. d. Tr.513
Doppelbock614
Löwenbräu, alcohol free614
Blackberry515
Apple615
Bamboo shoots615
Carrot615
Carrot615
Cherry (sweet)615
Endive615
Paprika, red615
Pear615
Potato615
Wheat beer615
Fennel716
Gouda, middle ages, 45% fat i. d.Tr.716
Peach818
Raspberry818
Apriot820
Aubergine820
Beetroot820
Blueberry820
Grape, blue820
Grape, white820
Orange820
Pineapple820
Plum820
Sorrel820
Watermelon820
Wheat flour820
Zucchini820
Field salad1024
Harz cheese, 10% fat i. d.Tr.1024
Limburger cheese, 20% fat i. d. Tr.1024
Asparagus1025
Col china1025
Rice (white, cooked)1025
Walnut1025
Banana1125
Banana1125
Strawberry1125
Processed cheese, 20% fat i. d. Tr.1126
Almond1330
Avocado1330
Borecole1330
Camembert,45% fat i. d.Tr.1330
Celery1330
Chanterelle1330
Hazelnut1330
Kohlrabi1330
Rice (natural, cooked)1535
Leek1740
Leek1740
Red cabbage1740
Savoy1740
Wheat (whole grain)1740
Beans (green)1842
Cauliflower1945
Rye (whole grain)2047
Broccoli2150
Date2150
Spinach2150
Wholemeal noodles, cooked2150
Noodles, cooked2252
Sauerampfer2355
Semolina2355
Brussels sprouts2560
Button mushroom2560
Crab2560
Soy sauce2560
Black salsify2970
Tofu2970
Apricot (dried)3275
Yellow boletus3480
Grains of pearl barley3482
Green spelt3482
Sago3482
Wholemeal3584
Millet3585
Sesame3788
Manihot starch3789
Black pudding3890
Oyster3890
Oat flakes42100
Peanut42100
Wiener46110
Zander46110
Eel (cured)48115
Pork chop49118
Cod filet50120
Turkey escalope, raw50120
liver pâté52125
Veal chop52125
Bratwurst54130
Chasseur sausage54130
Frankfurter Sausages54130
Mortadella54130
Plaice, raw, skinless54130
Schellfisch54130
Meatloaf58130
Sole55131
Haddock58140
Luce58140
Pork (flesh)58140
Caviar (Russian)60145
Kipper, skinless60145
Mackerel60145
Rabbit60145
Deer63145
Mutton chop61146
Shrimps61147
Buckwheat62149
Peas62150
Pheasant62150
Carp63150
Cod63150
Pork (flesh)63150
Shoulder of prok, raw63150
Veal (flesh)63150
Duck64153
Poppy70154
Sunflower seeds65157
Wholemeal noodles, raw65157
Deer67160
Fried herring, skinless67160
Ox tongue67160
Saithe68163
Salmon68163
Goose69165
Plaice, raw, with skin71170
Rabbit71170
Liver sausage73175
Lobster73175
Hering, green, skinless74178
Beans (white)75180
Makckerel, raw, skinless75180
Lamb (flesh)76182
Mackerel (cured)76182
Hering roe79190
Herring79194
Hammered fillet81195
Boiled ham83198
Horsemeat83200
Shoulder of pork, fried83200
Trout83200
Lentils84200
Raw ham84200
Soy scrap84200
Calf's kidney88210
Fried herring, with skin88210
Hering filet88210
Sardine in oil, skinless88210
Young salted herring91219
Soybeans92220
Chicken, leg, roasted98235
Kipper, with skin100240
Redfish100241
Salmon (cured)100242
Beef heart107256
Tuna107257
Anchovy108260
Beef kidney112269
Shoulder of pork, skin116280
Tuna (in oil)121290
Halibut123294
Soybean flour123296
Chicken with skin, roasted125300
Pork liver125300
Pig kidneys139334
Sardine144345
Sardine in oil, with skin146350
Mussels154370
Soy meat154370
Beef lung166399
Mackerel, raw, with skin167400
Calf's liver182460
Sardines (in oil)200480
Sprat (cured)223535
Beef liver231554
Sweetbread (thymus gland)5251260
Meat extract14593500

References

  1. 1.
    Konta T, Ichikawa K, Kawasaki R, et al. Association between serum uric acid levels and mortality: a nationwide community-based cohort study. Sci Rep. Published online April 8, 2020. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-63134-0
  2. 2.
    Li X, Meng X, Timofeeva M, et al. Serum uric acid levels and multiple health outcomes: umbrella review of evidence from observational studies, randomised controlled trials, and Mendelian randomisation studies. BMJ. Published online June 7, 2017:j2376. doi:10.1136/bmj.j2376
  3. 3.
    Jin M. Uric acid, hyperuricemia and vascular diseases. Front Biosci. Published online 2012:656. doi:10.2741/3950
  4. 4.
    Wang M, Fan J, Huang Z, Zhou D, Wang X. Causal Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Gout: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients. Published online October 5, 2023:4260. doi:10.3390/nu15194260
  5. 5.
    Kasahara K, Kerby RL, Zhang Q, et al. Gut bacterial metabolism contributes to host global purine homeostasis. Cell Host & Microbe. Published online June 2023:1038-1053.e10. doi:10.1016/j.chom.2023.05.011
  6. 6.
    Wang Z, Li Y, Liao W, et al. Gut microbiota remodeling: A promising therapeutic strategy to confront hyperuricemia and gout. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. Published online August 10, 2022. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2022.935723
  7. 7.
    Chu Y, Sun S, Huang Y, et al. Metagenomic analysis revealed the potential role of gut microbiome in gout. npj Biofilms Microbiomes. Published online August 9, 2021. doi:10.1038/s41522-021-00235-2
  8. 8.
    Tong S, Zhang P, Cheng Q, et al. The role of gut microbiota in gout: Is gut microbiota a potential target for gout treatment. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. Published online November 24, 2022. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2022.1051682
  9. 9.
    Méndez-Salazar EO, Martínez-Nava GA. Uric acid extrarenal excretion: the gut microbiome as an evident yet understated factor in gout development. Rheumatol Int. Published online September 29, 2021:403-412. doi:10.1007/s00296-021-05007-x
  10. 10.
    Zhang W, Wang T, Guo R, et al. Variation of Serum Uric Acid Is Associated With Gut Microbiota in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. Published online January 18, 2022. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2021.761757
  11. 11.
    Ning Y, Yang G, Chen Y, et al. Characteristics of the Urinary Microbiome From Patients With Gout: A Prospective Study. Front Endocrinol. Published online May 20, 2020. doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.00272
  12. 12.
    Dornbier RA, Doshi CP, Desai SC, et al. Metabolic syndrome and the urinary microbiome of patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Asian Journal of Urology. Published online March 2023. doi:10.1016/j.ajur.2022.08.007
  13. 13.
    Kachroo N, Lange D, Penniston KL, et al. Standardization of microbiome studies for urolithiasis: an international consensus agreement. Nat Rev Urol. Published online March 29, 2021:303-311. doi:10.1038/s41585-021-00450-8
  14. 14.
    Perez-Carrasco V, Soriano-Lerma A, Soriano M, Gutiérrez-Fernández J, Garcia-Salcedo JA. Urinary Microbiome: Yin and Yang of the Urinary Tract. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. Published online May 18, 2021. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2021.617002
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Last reviewed March 5, 2024

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Jessica Lloyd - Vulvovaginal Specialist Naturopathic Practitioner, BHSc(N)

Jessica Lloyd - Vulvovaginal Specialist Naturopathic Practitioner, BHSc(N)

Jessica is a degree-qualified naturopath (BHSc) specialising in vulvovaginal health and disease, based in Melbourne, Australia.

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