A vulvar endometrioma is a rare, painful cyst that occurs as a result of endometrium implanting in the vulva or vagina as in endometriosis.1
This type of endometriosis that appears in or on the vagina or vulva results in a cyst – endometrioma – most often at the same spot where a previous wound was – episiotomy, tears.2,3 The cause is unknown.
Symptoms of vulvar endometrioma
- Pain
- Painful sex (dyspareunia)
- Worse pain during periods
- Cysts grow during periods
- Tender cysts
- Cysts may appear blue
- May rupture, causing severe pain
Treatments for vulvar endometrioma
Treatment involves surgical excision of the cysts, which may be done in a doctor’s office or operating theatre.4 The tissue will be tested to ensure it is not a vulvar or vaginal melanoma, which can occur in the vulva and vagina.
References
- 1.Ning Y, Ling R, Zhang F, Zhang G, Zhang H. Common and uncommon lesions of the vulva and vagina on magnetic resonance imaging: correlations with pathological findings. BJR|Open. Published online August 2023. doi:10.1259/bjro.20230002
- 2.Wallace E, Marin S, Elkattah R. Vulvar endometriosis in the setting of a traumatic neuroma. Journal of Endometriosis and Pelvic Pain Disorders. Published online March 2019:49-51. doi:10.1177/2284026519828909
- 3.Tokmak A. Vulvar Haematoma Following Laparoscopic Endometrioma Excision: Report of A Rare Complication. JCDR. Published online 2015. doi:10.7860/jcdr/2015/15989.6767
- 4.Turan V, Ergenoglu M, Yeniel O, Emiroglu G, Ulukus M, Zekioglu O. Vulvar Endometrioma: A Case Report. J Nepal Med Assoc. Published online June 30, 2011. doi:10.31729/jnma.250
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